Megapolis as an environment for criminal activity (on the example of a criminal violation of sanitary and epidemiological rules)

Abstract

The article analyzes the peculiarity of the violation of sanitary and epidemiological rules in the metropolis in the criminal law context. Various approaches to the concept of “megapolis” in the context of the Russian legal reality are considered through the allocation of its properties and features, as well as differentiation with the term “agglomeration”. The “criminological paradoxes” of crime in a megalopolis are deduced, among which the highest possible rates with relatively low relative crime rates and a reduction in crime when its limit is reached, and the reasons for their occurrence are called. Examples of application in judicial practice in the period from 2011 to 2022 of Article 236 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are given, in particular, focusing on the crime scene to identify the features of the geography of violations of sanitary and epidemiological rules. The specifics of responsibility in establishing violations of sanitary and epidemiological rules in the legislation of the Russian Federation, presented not only by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, but also by the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation, are noted. The article analyzes the practice of bringing to criminal responsibility for committing violations of sanitary and epidemiological rules of persons with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Based on the decisions of law enforcement, the authors conclude that violations of sanitary and epidemiological rules are more and more often committed in small towns and villages, and the violations themselves are mostly established in the field of catering.

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