Articles

The article discusses the legal nature of public control in the field of waste management in comparison with other types of control and supervision activities, environmental management functions, a separate type of public control — public environmental control. An analysis of the relationship between the legal regulation of public control in the field of waste management and the legal regulation of public environmental control, as well as public control in general, was carried out from a formal and substantive point of view. The vagueness of legal regulation in some aspects makes it impossible to unambiguously identify cases where relations regarding the implementation of public control in the field of waste management are regulated with those features that are established in the legislation on environmental protection. The legislation on public control can be applied to public control in the field of waste management, with normatively established exceptions and with the obligatory taking into account the general conclusions of the science of environmental law.

The article discusses the dialectical representation of the subject of forensic science, the reflection and role of consistent patterns and contingency in the disclosure and investigation of crimes. Definitions are given to the concepts of “consistent patterns”, “contingency”, examples of their understanding and use in science. It is noted that in forensics randomness often has a negative meaning, it is perceived as randomness, unpredictability, absurdity, but it can also have a positive meaning when randomness “plays” in favor of the investigation and provides the investigator with some freedom of choice.

The article reveals the concept of “counteraction to the investigation of crimes”, justifies the conclusion that counteraction to the investigation of crimes by lawyers (defenders) cannot be legal contrary to the opinion of a number of well-known criminalists who believe that such counteraction can be legal.

The article deals with the influence of the leading question on the confession. The leading question, however, is not only understood in the traditional sense of the term as a question that contains information that prompts the answer. More broadly, it is a matter that accompanies the use of any information of evidence, the reporting of factual information in various investigative situations. This question leads to a certain answer. Introduction of the concept of “probability-oriented question” allows to differentiate between information and actions of a leading nature.

Improvement of electoral legislation is an important direction of changing the national legislation in general. It is a multi-purpose initiative, its key points are both improvement of the electoral process itself and promotion of large-scale realization of many rights and freedoms of citizens.

The article suggests a possible approach to creating a digital educational environment (hereinafter also referred to as DSP), namely, the methodological and technological prospects for the development of the digital educational space of a law university / faculty, examined through the prism of the criteria for the quality of legal education. The key definition of the digital educational environment, developed during the methodological work on the preparation of the priority project “Digital Educational Environment of the Law Faculty of the Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov” (also referred to as the Project) in 2019 — early 2020. The basic principles of the development and implementation of this Project are considered: the principle of evolutionary changes in the educational environment, the principle of the gradual development of DSP, the principle of automation of the educational process. The characteristic of the stage of the pilot implementation of the DSP components within the framework of the Project is given, the features of scaling and development of the DSP are analyzed. Quantitative indicators of distance learning are presented at the Law Faculty of Moscow State University (hereinafter also referred to as the Faculty of Law, Faculty) in a pandemic, which can be described as «emergency delivery of educational content».

The existence of a “party organization” in corporations is one of the features of corporate governance in China. This article discusses the problems of the participation of the Chinese Communist Party in the corporate governance of state-owned enterprises in China. At the same time the prejudices and misunderstandings of the legal significance of this participation are analyzed, the legitimacy, expediency and advantages of this participation are justified. Based on the study, the author proposes to improve legislation in order to make the status of party organizations more defined in the structure of corporate governance.

One of the central principles of contract law — pacta sunt servanda — is universally recognized in legal doctrine and is based on a number of philosophical and legal theories, the most common of which are “Promise Theory”, “Theory of Will”, as well as “Efficiency Theory”. The study of these theories allows us to state the absence of historical continuity between the original and subsequent meanings of the principle, and lack of a concurrent point of view within the doctrine. In addition, various foundations of pacta sunt servanda are multidirectional and sometimes mutually exclusive. Finally, none of them has a logical connection with the legal nature of contract, but relies on more general legal and philosophical concepts. Under such circumstances, the ambiguity of understanding of the principle by legislators and judges, as well as its practically absent implementation in positive law, seems quite understandable.