Articles

Federation Council is the chamber of the Federal Assembly of Russia (parliament of the Russian Federation). The author analyzes the procedures for the formation of the chamber — in the past and at present. Attention is drawn to the fact that in this process the sending of federal and regional functionaries to the Council of the Federation is prevailing. The author suggests proceeding to the election of members of the Federation Council by the population of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The article deals with the problems of practical application of Article 172.2 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation. The emphasis is focused on the consideration of the features of its construction, entailing the qualification of acts related to criminal fundraising schemes as fraud under Article 159 of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation.

The article analyzes the problems of applying to persons aged 18–20 years the provisions of Chapter 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on the specifics of criminal liability and punishment of minors. The author concludes on the basis of a generalization of judicial practice materials on the problems under consideration.

The article analyzes courts decisions on crimes under art. 242 paragraph 3(b) and art. 242.1 paragraph 2(g) of the Russian Criminal Code. The author differentiates the concepts of “telecommunication networks” and “online media”. Special attention is paid to the issue of determination whether a person has intent on placement and distribution of pornographic materials or objects by the means of file-sharing (peer-to-peer) networks.

The article on the basis of various sources describes apartment ownership in German cities in the Middle Ages and early Modern times. For the first time apartment ownership was mentioned in written sources in the XII century and it had developed over centuries as a customary law institution. Over time, the provisions introduce measures against this institution for practical reasons.

Since the 1990s has been a trend of active interaction between the state and confessions in the Russian Federation, expressed, inter alia, in the practice of concluding agreements (contracts) of Executive authorities and religious organizations. At the same time, the legislation on freedom of conscience and on religious associations does not contain normative bases for the conclusion of such agreements, in connection with which the legal qualification of their nature is significantly complicated. The article analyzes the content of state-confessional agreements, offers conclusions about their place in the system of sources of Russian constitutional law and the need to introduce legislative regulation of the procedure for concluding such agreements as guarantees and protection of constitutional principles and subjective rights of citizens.

The article is devoted to the problems of the concept and content of the quality of legal education. According to the author, the legal education system of Russia should optimally combine the elements of scientific, academic and pragmatism, novelty and conservatism, national characteristics and internationalism

The article is devoted to the problems of criminal liability for extortion in Russia and Germany. The author concludes that there are similar approaches to the regulation of criminal liability for extortion in Russian and German criminal law: extortion is considered as crime against property as a whole. The author also reveals existing differences in the qualification of extortion in the law of both countries.