V.A. Yakovleva
-
Instruction on organization and functions of custody departments of 1919Moscow University Bulletin. Series 11. Law. 2021. 2. p.90-109read more379
-
The article discusses a document adopted in the development of the norms of the first Soviet Code on marriage and family. This is the instruction of the People’s Commissariat for Social Security in 1919 on the organization and procedure for the activities of local guardianship authorities. The authors also provide the text of this document. The main objective of the article is to introduce into the scientific circulation a document that was previously almost unknown to historical and legal science. The authors also set out to study the relationship of the instruction in question with the 1918 family Code, in the development of which it was adopted. According to the authors, the implementation of the provisions on guardianship of minors outlined in the instructions was unsuccessful. At the same time, the unrealistic and even utopian nature of certain provisions of the 1918 family Code is especially clearly visible in the study of the problem of implementing the norms of the instruction on guardianship departments. Nevertheless, the authors believe that the studied instruction will allow to re-evaluate the significance of some marriage and family norms of the first years of Soviet power, as well as the views of their creators. For the history of family law, the instruction on the organization and procedure for the activities of the subdivisions of guardianship in 1919 has significant scientific significance. It deserves a scientific introduction and careful scientific study.
Keywords: Russia; RSFSR; history of law; soviet family law; custody of children
-
-
Creation of Production-Comrades’ courts in the RSFSR in the late 1920s — early 1930sMoscow University Bulletin. Series 11. Law. 2024. 1. p.45-58read more92
-
The article discusses the practical implementation of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspectorate’s proposal to set up community courts at factories. The reasons that led to this proposal and the discussions it provoked are described. The ideological motives (expressed by the authors of the proposal, as well as in general in the Soviet management circles) for involving the public in the administration of justice are also described. The process of establishing community courts at factories is divided into several stages, each with its own characteristics. At first, the community courts were established as an experiment, so their jurisdiction was very limited and the list of enterprises where they could be set up was agreed by the central authorities. However, later on, as this form of justice proved to be effective and was highly appreciated by the workers themselves, the community courts began to be established throughout the RSFSR, and their competence was extended. In the process, the basic purpose of the community courts was also changed. This change, among other factors, predetermined the success of this initiative and the long existence of the Comrades' courts.Keywords: Soviet Russia, Rabkrin, NEP Soviet justice system, Comrades' courts
-
