Articles

This article is devoted to consideration of one of the most important principles of the public procurement system — competition in public procurement. The article reveals the importance of this principle for the Russian procurement system, analyzes the main legal mechanisms for the implementation of the principle of competition in practice. In the study, the author comes to the conclusion that currently the principle of competition is only of a declarative nature. Real competition among bidders for government contracts are almost there, because more than half of all contracts in the absence of competition.

The article deals with the methodology of systemic studies of the state. The state is a system of structural elements and systemic relations. The author comes to conclusion on that systemic approach to the state gives possibility to study it deeper as both in static and in dynamic.

The article reveals peculiarities of implementation by local self-government powers in the sphere of housing and communal services, taking into account the latest changes in the federal legislation. As it is known, on the one hand municipalities are forced to finance constantly worn-out communal infrastructure (which often reaches up to 20 % of the total local budget), while tariff regulation in this area does not belong to exclusive competence of the municipality. On the other hand, the sphere of housing and communal services is a type of so-called local monopoly, since residents of municipal territories can not choose a provider of services, and this, objectively, does not encourage municipalities to improve their quality. The article examines the foreign experience of organization of housing and communal services at the level of municipalities, suggests solutions that can be applied at the level of local government in the Russian Federation. The issues related to the organization of accomplishment of the territory of the municipality to fulfill the requirements established by the norms of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation are considered separately.

In the article they are considered actual legal questions connected with evolution of development of model of extradition in the scope of international cooperation on criminal cases, analyzed classic and modern models of institution of extradition including Anglo-American models, continental model (European) and model of institution of extradition in the scope of international organization and their ability to serve of use of criminal proceedings, historic development of given institution. It is noted that classic model loses its significance in modern period of time, in legal systems the questions of extradition of persons in this or that degree have mixed character. It is suggested the idea on introduction universal model of extradition by accordance and unification norms of criminal and criminal procedural legislation including lessen unnatural obstacles (barriers) and speeding the process of extradition in the scope of international cooperation on criminal cases.

The article deals with the historical and legal analysis of the punishment (its essence, purposes and principles of appointment) in colonial and post-colonial India, the main criminal-penological models, and the development of certain types of punishments and their legislative regulation in the Indian Penal Code of 1860.

The article analyzes the model of possession and the methods of its protection provided in the draft Civil code of the Russian Empire, compiled in the late XIX — early XX century.